Oxacillin
Class: Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins
Chemical Name: [2S-(2α,5α,6β)]-3,3-Dimethyl-6-[[(5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl)carbonyl]amino]-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid monosodium salt monohydrate
CAS Number: 7240-38-2
Brands: Bactocill
Introduction
Antibacterial; β-lactam antibiotic; isoxazolyl penicillin classified as a penicillinase-resistant penicillin.
Uses for Oxacillin
Staphylococcal Infections
Treatment of infections caused by, or suspected of being caused by, susceptible penicillinase-producing staphylococci, including respiratory tract, skin and skin structure, bone and joint, and urinary tract infections and meningitis or bacteremia. A drug of choice for these infections.
Treatment of native valve or prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by susceptible staphylococci. A drug of choice; used with or without gentamicin for native valve endocarditis and used in conjunction with rifampin and gentamicin for prosthetic valve endocarditis.
If used empirically, consider whether staphylococci resistant to penicillinase-resistant penicillins (oxacillin-resistant [methicillin-resistant] staphylococci) are prevalent in the hospital or community. (See Staphylococci Resistant to Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins under Cautions.)
Perioperative Prophylaxis
Has been used for perioperative prophylaxis† in patients undergoing neurosurgery or cardiovascular or orthopedic surgery associated with high risk of staphylococcal infections. Not considered a drug of choice.
Oxacillin Dosage and Administration
Administration
Administer by IV injection or infusion or by IM injection.
To reduce risk of thrombophlebitis and other adverse local reactions associated with IV administration (particularly in geriatric patients), administer slowly and take care to avoid extravasation.
IV Injection
Reconstitution
Reconstitute vials containing 1 or 2 g of oxacillin by adding 10 or 20 mL, respectively, of sterile water for injection or 0.45 or 0.9% sodium chloride injection to provide solutions containing approximately 100 mg/mL.
Rate of Administration
Inject appropriate dose slowly over a period of about 10 minutes.
IV Infusion
Reconstitution and Dilution
Reconstitute vials containing 1 or 2 g of oxacillin by adding 10 or 20 mL, respectively, of sterile water for injection or 0.45 or 0.9% sodium chloride injection to provide a solution containing approximately 100 mg/mL. Reconstituted solution should then be further diluted with a compatible IV solution (see Solution Compatibility under Stability) to a concentration of 0.5–40 mg/mL.
Alternatively, ADD-Vantage vials containing 1 or 2 g of the drug should be reconstituted according to the manufacturer’s directions.
Reconstitute 10-g pharmacy bulk package with 93 mL of sterile water for injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection to provide a solution containing 100 mg/mL. Pharmacy bulk packages of the drug are not intended for direct IV infusion; prior to ...
